Image Credits

Project Manuscript

Source title: Shudō tsuya monogatari 衆道通夜物語
Owning institution: Beinecke Rare Books and Manuscript Library, Yale University
Call number: GEN MSS VOL 701
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library, Yale University

Project Map of Yonezawa

Source title: Gojōka ezu Kyōhō jū-nen 御城下絵図享保十年
Owning institution: Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum
Call number: 上杉文書 1877
URL: N/A
License: Reproduced with permission of Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum

Landing page

All images in this section are taken from the project manuscript and reproduced with permission of the Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library.

Introduction: A Tragic Tale in an Eighteenth-Century Manuscript

Source title: Nanshoku ōkagami 男色大鑑
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University Library
Call number: 52070519～52070525
URL ① ②
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Captions: Love of youths was a common topos in popular fiction such as Ihara Saikaku's Great Mirror of Male Love [...]; The tragic and sometimes violent outcomes of samurai same-sex love affairs were a stock motif in popular fiction [...]

Source title: Edo dōchū ezu (Yonezawa–Edo) 江戸道中絵図 (米沢～江戸）
Owning institution: Yonezawa City Library
Call number: 諸家資料・堀尾家文書021
URL　
License: Reproduced with permission of Yonezawa City Library
Caption: The castle town of Yonezawa, seat of the Uesugi rulers [...]

Source title: Edo dōchū ezu (Edo–Yonezawa) 江戸道中絵図 (江戸～米沢）
Owning institution: Yonezawa City Library
Call number: 諸家資料・堀尾家文書22
URL　
License: Reproduced with permission of Yonezawa City Library
Caption: Travel the road to Edo through Yonezawa domain [...]

The remaining images in this section are taken from the project manuscript (see top of the image credits).

Introduction: True-Record Books: Scandals, Gossip, and Rumors in Early Modern Japan

Source title: Bakemono taiheiki 化物太平記
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 208-627
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Bakemono taiheiki (The monsters' chronicles of great peace, 1804) was banned for its irreverent portrayal of the legendary warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi [...]

Source title: Shōtoku bukan 正徳武鑑
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 800-14
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Some basic genealogical information about warrior houses [...]

Source title: Edo umare uwaki no kabayaki 江戸生艶気樺焼
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 207-169
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: A yomiuri vendor hawking a broadsheet about a love affair [...]

Source title: Ōsaka doshi zu 大坂卯年図
Owning institution: University of Tokyo
Call number: 政争 N001 / マイクロ番号 361001/O-COL-Ｋ-260
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of the Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, University of Tokyo
Caption: Osaka Castle under Siege (1615)

Source title: Shokoku ōjishin ōtsunami sanpen 諸国大地震大津波三編 (from Kasui fūsai zasshū 火水風災雑輯)
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 寄別 8-3-2-10
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Edo Hit by Earthquake and Tsunami (1854)

Source title: Edo Asakusa o-kura mae onna adauchi 江戸浅草御蔵前女仇討
Owning institution: Tokyo University
Call number: 敵討 N003 / マイクロ番号 362009/ O-COL-Ｋ-391
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of the Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, University of Tokyo
Caption: Revenge Killing in Edo's Kuramae District

Source title: Yoshū Matsuyama nite sōtōji shussan no koto 予州松山にて双頭児出産の事
Owning institution: Waseda University Library
Call number: 文庫10 08063 0001
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Waseda University Library
Caption: Child with Two Heads Born in Matsuyama (1836)

Source title: Negishi naka mura no hyakushō Motokichi no segare Motojirō neko ni korosareru (根岸中村の百性元吉の忰元二郎猫に殺される）
Owning institution: National Museum of Japanese History
Call number: H-1492-3-43
URL: N/A
License: Reproduced with permission of the National Museum of Japanese History
Caption: Peasant Killed by Cat

Source title: Kitaamerika gasshūkoku teiō yori kenjō mitsugimono shinajina 北亜墨利加合衆国帝王ヨリ献上貢物品々
Owning institution: Waseda University Library
Call number: 文庫08 C0874 0002
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Waseda University Library
Caption: Perry's Gifts Make Waves with the Japanese (1854)

Source title: Kōshakuba no Fukai Shidōken 講釈場の深井志道軒/ Fukai Shidōken Lecturing
Owning institution: William Sturgis Bigelow Collection, Museum of Fine Arts Boston
Call number: 11.19631
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Museum of Fine Arts Boston
Caption: The storyteller Shidōken performing "old war tales" (ca. 1750s) [...]

Source title: Kyōkun zōnagamochi 教訓雑長持
Owning institution: Kobe University Library
Call number: 913-67-3
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: Edo-style graffiti on the wall of a house, from Kyōkun zōnagamochi [...]

Source title: Edo jidai rakusho ruijū 江戸時代落書類聚
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 836-31
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Late Edo-period graffiti satirizing the Tenpō Reforms of the 1840s, reproduced in Edo jidai rakusho ruijū (1915) [...]

Source title: Atariyashita jihondoiya 的中地本問屋
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 207-541
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: A kashihon’ya booklender shouldering his bundle of books [...]

Source title: Keian Taiheiki 慶安太平記
Owning institution: Arthur Tress Collection of Japanese Illustrated Books, University of Pennsylvania
Call number: Tress Anon 1
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Scene from the "true-record" book Keian Taiheiki (1790), an account of the Keian Rebellion (1651) [...]

Source title: An'ei jitsurokuden 安永実録伝
Owning institution: Waseda University Library
Call number: ヘ13_03362
URL
License: Reproduced with permission from Waseda University Library
Caption: An'ei jitsurokuden (Edo period), first volume in a set of 25 formerly owned by the lending library Sumiyoshiya Ubei [...]

The remaining images in this section are taken from the project manuscript (see top of the image credits).

Introduction: In Search of the Truth: Historical Records

Source title: Bugenchō Genroku san-nen 分限帳元禄3年
Owning institution: Yonezawa City Library
Call number: 地域史料 KG 003001
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Yonezawa City Library
Caption: A roster of Yonezawa retainers for Genroku 3 (1690)

Source title: Tokurin genpiroku 徳鄰厳秘録
Owning institution: National Archives of Japan
Call number: 181-0074
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Scene of a beheading, from Tokurin Genpiroku (1814) [...]

Source title: Musashi abumi むさしあぶみ
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 841-35
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Musashi abumi (1661) was an account of the Great Fire of Meireki [...]

The remaining images in this section are taken from the project manuscript and project map of Yonezawa (see top of the image credits).

Introduction: Brave and Beautiful Boys: Samurai and Same-Sex Culture

Source title: Samurai-gumi sekiji 侍組席次
Owning institution: Yonezawa City Library
Call number: 諸家資料・山吉家文書5
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Yonezawa City Library
Caption: N/A (header image)

Source title: Nanshoku kinomezuke 男色木芽漬
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University
Call number: 52071446～52071451
URL
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Caption: A group of monks entertain themselves with several kabuki actors in a teahouse [...]

Source title: Warai Imagawa 笑今川
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University
Call number: 52071223　DDC913.51/W37
URL
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Caption: "Flower viewing in the world of male love" [...]

Source title: Nanshoku hiyoku no tori 男色比翼鳥
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: り-17
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Admiring kabuki actors on stage [...]

Source title: Amayo no sanbai kigen 雨夜三盃機嫌
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University
Call number: 52070677～52070678
URL
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Caption: An actor review [...]

Source title: Edo nanshoku saiken/Kiku no sono　江戸男色細見/菊の園
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 京-339
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: A guide to nanshoku teahouses in the surroundings of the Nakamura-za Theatre in Edo [...]

Source title: Nanshoku yamaji no tsuyu 男色山路露
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University
Call number: 52070943～52070944
URL
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Caption: Two men kissing youths [...]

Source title: Chigo no sōshi 稚児之草紙
Owning institution: British Museum
Call number: 2013,3001.1/Jap.Ptg.Add.1308_018
URL
License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Caption: An acolyte or chigo [...]

Source title: Shudō monogatari 衆道物語
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: ね-36
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Samurai with youths [...]

Source title: Wakashū yūrakuzu 若衆遊楽図
Owning institution: Tokyo National Museum
Call number: A-645
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: A group of wakashū entertaining themselves in an elegant setting [...]

Source title: Chionji ate Konoe Sakitsugu shojō 智恩寺宛近衛前嗣書状
Owning institution: Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum
Call number: 上杉家文書 A1990-002-1710
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum
Caption: Konoe Sakihisa's letter (1559) [...]

Source title: Nanshoku kinomezuke 男色木芽漬
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: ろ-64
URL ① ② ③ ④
License: Public domain
Caption: Hand-colored scene of nanshoku-related samurai violence [...]; Scene of nanshoku-related samurai violence [...]

The remaining images in this section are taken from the project manuscript (see top of the image credits).

Introduction: How to Win His Heart: Male-Male Love and Courtship Etiquette

Source title: Fumi no hayashi 文のはやし
Owning institution: Staatsbibliothek Berlin
Call number: 37627 ROA
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: A love letter and a letter box [...]

Source title: Jotsū yōbunshū 女通用文集
Owning institution: Tōsho bunko, Tokyo Shoseki Textbook Museum
Call number: 一般，シ2-2・1-15-2466 / DIG-TSHB-10245
URL
License: CC BY-SA 4.0
Caption: How to seal a letter [...]

Source title: Ensho tebikigusa 艶書手引草
Owning institution: Ueda City Library
Call number: 花月文庫，語学57
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Ueda City Library
Caption: A model letter from a samurai youth to his adult male partner [...]

Source title: Nanshoku masukagami 男色十寸鏡
Owning institution: Waseda University Library
Call number: ヲ06 01542
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Waseda University Library
Caption: Man writing a love letter to a youth, from Nanshoku masukagami [...]

Source title: (Fūryū) Sugata-e hyakunin isshu 風流／姿絵百人一首
Owning institution: British Library
Call number: or65.a12
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: The image accompanying Taira no Kanemori's poem in Hishikawa Moronobu's Sugata-e hyakunin isshu [...]

Source title: Onna geimon sansai zue 女芸文三才図会
Owning institution: National Institute of Japanese Literature
Call number: ヤ5-429-1～5
URL
License: Public Domain
Caption: Taira no Kanemori's poem in the textbook for women Onna geimon sansai zue [...]

Source title: Nanshoku masukagami 男色十寸鏡
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University
Call number: 52071812　NDC9:913.52/SA66
URL
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Caption: A youth receiving a love letter from a man, from Nanshoku masukagami [...]

Source title: Inu tsurezure 犬つれつれ
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University
Call number: 52071404　DDC913.51/I59
URL
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Caption: Two adult samurai and a youth cutting their upper arm and thigh with a blade [...]

Source title: Shunkyō tenarai shussei sugoroku 春興手習出精双六
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 本別9-27
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: A Boys' Love Primer

The remaining images in this section are taken from the project manuscript (see top of the image credits).

Resources: Mapping the Yonezawa Domain

Source title: Nihonkoku tairyaku bukan no zu utsushi 日本國大畧武鑑之圖寫
Owning institution: Rare Books and Special Collections, University of British Columbia Library
Call number: G7961 .G46 1758 H2
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Rare Books and Special Collections, University of British Columbia Library
Caption: Nihonkoku tairyaku bukan no zu utsushi (Copy of the outline map of the military houses of Japan, ca. 1757)

Source title: Dewa no kuni (Yonezawa-ryō) 出羽国（米沢領）
Owning institution: National Archives of Japan
Call number: 特083-0001
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: This hand-drawn shogunal map of the Yonezawa domain from 1838 provides a more detailed view of the Uesugi territory (...)

Source title: Yonezawa-jō honmaru no zu 米沢城本丸図
Owning institution: Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum
Call number: A2009-024
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum
Caption: Main enclosure of Yonezawa Castle (ca. 1879-1906), Yonezawa City Uesugi Museum

Resources: Archery in Early Modern Japan

Source title: Ehon musha waraji 絵本武者鞋
Owning institution: Metropolitan Museum of Art
Call number: 2013.808
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: Kitao Shigemasa, Ehon musha waraji [...]

Source title: Buke chōhōki 武家重宝記
Owning institution: Waseda University Library
Call number: ケ05 00099
URL ① ② ③
License: Reproduced with permission of Waseda University Library
Caption: Arrows with a turnip-shaped whistle [...]; Three different types of targets [...]; Namura Jōhaku, Buke chōhōki [...]

Source title: Obusuma Saburō emaki 男衾三郎絵巻
Owning institution: Tokyo National Museum
Call number: A-11889
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: Artist unknown, Obusuma Saburō emaki [...]

Source title: Hiden kisha no sho 秘伝騎射書
Owning institution: Waseda University Library
Call number: ケ05 00521
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Waseda University Library
Caption: Author unknown, Hiden kisha no sho [...]

Source title: Inu-oumono hin'i kisei 犬追物品位騎制
Owning institution: Waseda University Library
Call number: ワ03 03645 0173
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of Waseda University Library
Caption: Artist unknown, Inu-oumono hin'i kisei [...]

Source title: Nihon kogi 日本古義
Owning institution: National Diet Library
Call number: 841-22
URL
License: Public domain
Caption: A portrait of Heki Masatsugu [...]

Source title: Tōsei tagami no ue当世誰が身の上
Owning institution: Ranpo Collection, Rikkyo University
Call number: DIG-RKRP-176
URL
License: CC BY-NC 4.0
Caption: Two adolescent samurai shoot at a small target.

Source title: Fukagawa Sanjūsangendō tōshiya no zu 深川三十三門堂通矢之図
Owning institution: British Museum
Call number: 1906,1220,0.117
URL
License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Caption: An archer takes part in a tōshiya competition at the Fukagawa Sanjūsangendō […]

Source title: Zukai shahō sanbusho 図解射法三部書
Owning institution: Tōhoku University Library
Call number: 癸B8-4/3
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: Hirose Yaichi, Zukai shahō sanbusho […]

Source title: Teikin ōrai zusan 庭訓往来図賛
Owning institution: Tokyo Gakugei University Library
Call number: 望月文庫T1A0/71/68
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: Teikin ōrai zusan […]

Source title: Arrow-stand and arrow (untitled)
Owning institution: British Museum
Call number: 1969,0527.15
URL
License: CC BY-NC-SA 4.0
Caption: A set of small arrows with blunt arrowheads for yōkyū.

Source title: Jinrin kinmozui 人倫訓蒙圖彙
Owning institution: Kobe University Library
Call number: 一般，721-8-Z//1～7
URL
License: CC BY 4.0
Caption: Artisan specializing in yōkyū equipment.

Source title: Dōgi musha zukushi: yaba ni Nasu no Yoichi 童戯武者尽矢場に那須の与一
Owning institution: William S. and John T. Spaulding Collection, Museum of Fine Arts Boston
Call number: 21.6576
URL
License: Reproduced with permission of the Museum of Fine Arts Boston
Caption: In this print from a series of parodies of famous warriors, Nasu no Yoichi is depicted fooling around with a yatori-onna.

Research for this page was generously funded by the Dutch Research Council.